Heat a large Dutch oven on medium heat.Add sausage and vegetables, stirring until vegetables are translucent; about 15 minutes.
Add garlic and cook for one minute. Add oregano, cumin, paprika, chili powder, salt and pepper. Cook for an additional 3 minutes.
Add the water and bring it to a boil.Drop the temperature immediately to a simmer for 15 minutes and then stir in the black beans.Continue simmering for 30 minutes.
With an immersion blender, puree the soup until the beans are a desired creamy consistency. Return to a simmer for 10 minutes.
Ladle the soup into bowls and serve with the cilantro and shredded cheese.